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"id": "Korematsu and Civil Liberties (film)",
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"description": "Documentary video focusing on the collision of security concerns and civil liberties as illustrated by theWorld War II roundup of Japanese Americans and the\n \n\n Korematsu\n \n\n Supreme Court case.",
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"title": "Brian Niiya",
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"title": "Korematsu and Civil Liberties (film)",
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"Robe Imbriano"
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"Robe Imbriano"
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"Robe Imbriano"
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"Akhil Amar (interviewee)",
"Frank Wu (interviewee)",
"Stephen Breyer (interviewee)",
"Anthony Kennedy (interviewee)",
"Geoffrey Stone (interviewee)",
"John Ferren (interviewee)",
"Gary Okihiro (interviewee)",
"Naoko Shibusawa (interviewee)",
"Kermit Roosevelt (interviewee)",
"Norman Mineta (interviewee)",
"John Tateishi (interviewee)",
"Karen Korematsu-Haigh (interviewee)",
"Jan Crawford Greenburg (interviewee)",
"Dale Minami"
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"Ben Decter",
"Gavin Allen"
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"Brett Wiley",
"Edward Marritz"
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"body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <div class=\"rgonly\">\n <!--\"rgdatabox-CoreDisplay\" removed-->\n <div id=\"rgdatabox-Core\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n RGMediaType:films;\nTitle:Korematsu and Civil Liberties;\nCreators:;\nInterestLevel:Grades 7-8; Grades 9-12;\nReadingLevel:;\nGuidedReadingLevel:;\nLexile:;\nTheme:Injustice; War – glory, necessity, pain, tragedy;\nGenre:Documentary;\nPoV:;\nRelatedEvents:;\nAvailability:Widely available;\nFreeWebVersion:yes;\nPrimarySecondary:;\nHasTeachingAids:No;\nWarnings:;\nDenshoTopic:;\nGeography:;\nChronology:1940s and 1980s;\nFacility:;\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-Films\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n Title:Korematsu and Civil Liberties;\nDate:2012; \nGenre:;\nReleased:;\nDirector:;\nProducer:Robe Imbriano;\nWriter:Robe Imbriano;\nScreenplay:;\nStory:;\nBasedOn:;\nNarrator:Robe Imbriano;\nStarring:Akhil Amar (interviewee); Frank Wu (interviewee); Stephen Breyer (interviewee); Anthony Kennedy (interviewee); Geoffrey Stone (interviewee); John Ferren (interviewee); Gary Okihiro (interviewee); Naoko Shibusawa (interviewee); Kermit Roosevelt (interviewee); Norman Mineta (interviewee); John Tateishi (interviewee); Karen Korematsu-Haigh (interviewee); Jan Crawford Greenburg (interviewee); Dale Minami;\nMusic:Ben Decter; Gavin Allen;\nCinematography:Dave Dellaria; Brett Wiley; Edward Marritz;\nEditing:Marc Tidalgo;\nStudio:Annenberg Foundation Trust; The Documentary Group;\nDistributor:;\nRuntime:27 minutes;\nCountry:;\nLanguage:;\nBudget:;\nGross:;\nIMDBLink:;\nTrailerLink:;\n </p>\n </div>\n <p>\n Documentary video focusing on the collision of security concerns and civil liberties as illustrated by theWorld War II roundup of Japanese Americans and the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Korematsu_v._United_States\" title=\"Korematsu v. United States\">\n <i>\n Korematsu\n </i>\n </a>\n Supreme Court case.\n </p>\n <p>\n Commissioned by the Annenberg Foundation Trust as part of the \"The Constitution Project,\"\n <i>\n Korematsu and Civil Liberties\n </i>\n was made by The Documentary Group. After introducing the core question—what legal scholar Geoffrey R. Stone calls the country's \"challenge to protect itself while adhering to values of free society\"—the first half of the video briefly explores the run up to mass removal after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the prewar history of anti-Japanese sentiment in the U.S., the split between the Justice and War Departments on the decision to remove all Japanese Americans from the West Coast, and life in the concentration camps. The second half turns to\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Fred_Korematsu\" title=\"Fred Korematsu\">\n Fred Korematsu\n </a>\n 's story and his legal case, with much of discussion focusing on a discussion of the Supreme Court majority decision by Hugo Black and the three dissenting opinions. A final segment explores the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Coram_nobis_cases\" title=\"Coram nobis cases\">\n coram nobis cases\n </a>\n , the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Redress_movement\" title=\"Redress movement\">\n Redress Movement\n </a>\n , and Korematsu's subsequent life, as well as the legacy of the case. Made in a more or less conventional fashion by writer/producer/narrator Robe Imbriano (no director is credited),\n <i>\n Korematsu and Civil Liberties\n </i>\n is distinguished by an unusually illustrious group of interviewees that includes Supreme Court Justices Stephen Breyer and Anthony Kennedy along with top historians and legal scholars as well as the use of some animated graphics to accompany the usual archival footage and photographs.\n </p>\n <p>\n <i>\n Korematsu and Civil Liberties\n </i>\n is part of the Annenberg Classroom of the Leonore Annenberg Institute for Civics, a set of resources for civics education and is available online. It is also part of a related lesson plan by Linda Weber titled \"When National Security Trumps Individual Rights.\"\n </p>\n <p>\n Though the history presented is largely accurate, there are a few small misstatements.\n </p>\n <p>\n • 7:10: Stephen Breyer, in citing\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Earl_Warren\" title=\"Earl Warren\">\n Earl Warren\n </a>\n 's support for mass removal, claims that Warren later said \"it was the greatest mistake he ever made.\" While Warren did later express regret for his actions in his memoir, there is no record of his ever having said it was his \"greatest mistake.\"\n </p>\n <p>\n • 11:00: Cites 120,000 people as having been evicted; the 120,000 figure is the total number who came under\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/War_Relocation_Authority\" title=\"War Relocation Authority\">\n War Relocation Authority\n </a>\n jurisdiction, including some 6,000 babies born in the concentration camps and others who entered the camps later. The number forcibly removed from the West Coast was closer to 110,000.\n </p>\n <p>\n • 11:23: Claims that \"evacuation took almost 18 months\"; the first\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Civilian_exclusion_orders\" title=\"Civilian exclusion orders\">\n exclusion order\n </a>\n was issued at the end of March 1942 and the last in mid-August, so it was closer to five months. Even if one includes the roundup of\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Issei\" title=\"Issei\">\n Issei\n </a>\n community leaders beginning on Dec. 7, 1941, it would be less than ten months.\n </p>\n <p>\n • 14:28: Claims that it was a felony for any Japanese American to remain on the West Coast after exclusion; although\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Karl_Bendetsen\" title=\"Karl Bendetsen\">\n Karl Bendetsen\n </a>\n , the key architect of the roundup advocated making such resistance a felony,\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Public_Law_503\" title=\"Public Law 503\">\n Public Law 503\n </a>\n ultimately made the offense a misdemeanor.\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n <b>\n Authored by\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Brian_Niiya\" title=\"Brian Niiya\">\n Brian Niiya\n </a>\n , Densho\n </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n Niiya, Brian\n </div>\n <p>\n Might also like\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/wiki/Of Civil Wrongs and Rights: The Fred Korematsu Story (film)/\" title=\"Of Civil Wrongs and Rights: The Fred Korematsu Story (film)\">\n Of Civil Wrongs and Rights: The Fred Korematsu Story\n </a>\n </i>\n (2000);\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/wiki/A Personal Matter: Gordon Hirabayashi vs. the United States (film)/\" title=\"A Personal Matter: Gordon Hirabayashi vs. the United States (film)\">\n A Personal Matter: Gordon Hirabayashi vs. the United States\n </a>\n </i>\n (1992);\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Unfinished_Business:_The_Japanese_American_Internment_Cases_(film)\" title=\"Unfinished Business: The Japanese American Internment Cases (film)\">\n Unfinished Business: The Japanese American Internment Cases\n </a>\n </i>\n (1985)\n </p>\n</div>\n",
"moreinfo": "<div class=\"section\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n For More Information\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n Streaming link:\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.annenbergclassroom.org/page/korematsu-civil-liberties\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.annenbergclassroom.org/page/korematsu-civil-liberties\n </a>\n .\n </p>\n <p>\n The Documentary Group website:\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://thedocumentarygroup.com/portfolioKo/korematsu-and-civil-liberties/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://thedocumentarygroup.com/portfolioKo/korematsu-and-civil-liberties/\n </a>\n .\n </p>\n <!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20230613175425\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nComplications: []\nCPU time usage: 0.018 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.023 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 372/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 7499/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 2309/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 4/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes\nExtLoops count: 0\n-->\n <!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 8.951 1 -total\n 28.33% 2.536 1 Template:Databox-Films\n 25.54% 2.286 1 Template:RGDatabox-Core\n 15.08% 1.350 1 Template:Published\n 14.79% 1.324 1 Template:AuthorByline\n 14.31% 1.281 1 Template:publish-rgonly\n-->\n <!-- Saved in parser cache with key encycmw:pcache:idhash:3806-0!canonical and timestamp 20230613175425 and revision id 28403\n -->\n </div>\n</div>"
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