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{
    "id": "Mackerel Sky (short story)",
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    "title_sort": "mackerelskyshortstory",
    "description": "Short story by Jeff Matsuda in which a young\n  \n   Sansei\n  \n  man recalls various stories about his\n  \n   Issei\n  \n  grandfather: visiting him and his grandmother when he was a child; recreating the old man talking about his youth in Japan and his early years as a laborer in the U.S.; and visiting him with his mother when he was in college, and his grandfather was a nearly deaf old man. In the process, the narrator recalls his grandfather's internment: as a fisherman on\n  \n   Terminal Island\n  \n  , he was arrested a week after\n  \n   Pearl Harbor\n  \n  and sent to\n  \n   Bismarck\n  \n  and then to an unspecified camp in New Mexico, while the rest of his immediate family spent the war years in Japan.",
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        "Communication – verbal and nonverbal",
        "Immigrant experience",
        "Will to survive",
        "Working class struggles"
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            "title": "Arts"
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    "authors": [
        {
            "title": "Brian Niiya",
            "json": "https://resourceguide.densho.org/api/3.0/authors/Brian%20Niiya/?format=api",
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    "sources": [],
    "title": "Mackerel Sky (short story)",
    "published_rg": true,
    "modified": "2018-03-07T20:36:48",
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            "rgmediatype": [
                "short stories"
            ],
            "title": [
                "Mackerel Sky"
            ],
            "creators": [
                "Jeff Matsuda"
            ],
            "interestlevel": [
                "Grades 9-12",
                "Adult"
            ],
            "readinglevel": [],
            "guidedreadinglevel": [],
            "lexile": [],
            "theme": [
                "Communication – verbal and nonverbal",
                "Immigrant experience",
                "Will to survive",
                "Working class struggles"
            ],
            "genre": [
                "Memoir"
            ],
            "pov": [
                "Told from perspective of Sansei young man"
            ],
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            "availability": [
                "No availability"
            ],
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                "No"
            ],
            "primarysecondary": [],
            "hasteachingaids": [
                "No"
            ],
            "warnings": [],
            "denshotopic": [],
            "geography": [
                "Sawtelle community, Los Angeles, California"
            ],
            "chronology": [
                "1890s to 1980s"
            ],
            "facility": []
        },
        "databox-Articles": {
            "author": [
                "Jeff Matsuda"
            ],
            "title": [
                "Mackerel Sky"
            ],
            "pubname": [],
            "pubdate": [
                "1991"
            ],
            "pubdetails": [],
            "doi": [],
            "website": []
        }
    },
    "rg_title": [
        "Mackerel Sky"
    ],
    "rg_creators": [
        "Jeff Matsuda"
    ],
    "rg_pov": [
        "Told from perspective of Sansei young man"
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    "rg_geography": [
        "Sawtelle community, Los Angeles, California"
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    "rg_chronology": [
        "1890s to 1980s"
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    "rg_hasteachingaids": [
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    "body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <div class=\"rgonly\">\n  <!--\"rgdatabox-CoreDisplay\" removed-->\n  <div id=\"rgdatabox-Core\" style=\"display:none;\">\n   <p>\n    RGMediaType:short stories;\nTitle:Mackerel Sky;\nCreators:Jeff Matsuda;\nInterestLevel:Grades 9-12; Adult;\nReadingLevel:;\nGuidedReadingLevel:;\nLexile:;\nTheme:Communication – verbal and nonverbal; Immigrant experience; Will to survive; Working class struggles;\nGenre:Memoir;\nPoV:Told from perspective of Sansei young man;\nRelatedEvents:;\nAvailability:No availability;\nFreeWebVersion:No;\nPrimarySecondary:;\nHasTeachingAids:No;\nWarnings:;\nDenshoTopic:;\nGeography:Sawtelle community, Los Angeles, California;\nChronology:1890s to 1980s;\nFacility:;\n   </p>\n  </div>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-Articles\" style=\"display:none;\">\n  <p>\n   Author:Jeff Matsuda;\nTitle:Mackerel Sky;\nPubName:;\nPubDate:1991;\nPubDetails:;\nDOI:;\nWebsite:;\n  </p>\n </div>\n <p>\n  Short story by Jeff Matsuda in which a young\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Sansei\" title=\"Sansei\">\n   Sansei\n  </a>\n  man recalls various stories about his\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Issei\" title=\"Issei\">\n   Issei\n  </a>\n  grandfather: visiting him and his grandmother when he was a child; recreating the old man talking about his youth in Japan and his early years as a laborer in the U.S.; and visiting him with his mother when he was in college, and his grandfather was a nearly deaf old man. In the process, the narrator recalls his grandfather's internment: as a fisherman on\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Terminal_Island,_California\" title=\"Terminal Island, California\">\n   Terminal Island\n  </a>\n  , he was arrested a week after\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/December_7,_1941\" title=\"December 7, 1941\">\n   Pearl Harbor\n  </a>\n  and sent to\n  <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Fort_Lincoln_(Bismarck)_(detention_facility)\" title=\"Fort Lincoln (Bismarck) (detention facility)\">\n   Bismarck\n  </a>\n  and then to an unspecified camp in New Mexico, while the rest of his immediate family spent the war years in Japan.\n </p>\n <p>\n  \"Mackerel Sky\"—the title comes from the term fishermen like his grandfather used to describe a sky with many dot-like clouds that was considered a sign of good luck—appeared in the\n  <i>\n   <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Rafu_Shimpo_(newspaper)\" title=\"Rafu Shimpo (newspaper)\">\n    Rafu Shimpo\n   </a>\n  </i>\n  holiday edition in 1991.\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n  <b>\n   Authored by\n   <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Brian_Niiya\" title=\"Brian Niiya\">\n    Brian Niiya\n   </a>\n   , Densho\n  </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n  Niiya, Brian\n </div>\n <p>\n  Might also like \"\n  <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/wiki/Kubota (short story)/\" title=\"Kubota (short story)\">\n   Kubota\n  </a>\n  \" by Garrett Hongo; \"\n  <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/wiki/Roar of Silence (short story)/\" title=\"Roar of Silence (short story)\">\n   Roar of Silence\n  </a>\n  \" by Manzen (Tom Arima); \"\n  <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/wiki/Memories of Pop (short story)/\" title=\"Memories of Pop (short story)\">\n   Memories of Pop\n  </a>\n  \" by Jiro Saito\n </p>\n</div>\n",
    "moreinfo": "<div class=\"section\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n <h2>\n  <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n   For More Information\n  </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n  <p>\n   Matsuda, Jeff. \"Mackerel Sky.\"\n   <i>\n    Rafu Shimpo\n   </i>\n   , Dec. 14, 1991, B8, B24–30.\n  </p>\n  <!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20230521153533\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nComplications: []\nCPU time usage: 0.014 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.020 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 226/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 4460/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 907/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 4/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes\nExtLoops count: 0\n-->\n  <!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00%    7.733      1 -total\n 29.33%    2.268      1 Template:RGDatabox-Core\n 18.65%    1.442      1 Template:Databox-Articles\n 16.98%    1.313      1 Template:Published\n 16.68%    1.290      1 Template:AuthorByline\n 16.25%    1.257      1 Template:publish-rgonly\n-->\n  <!-- Saved in parser cache with key encycmw:pcache:idhash:3707-0!canonical and timestamp 20230521153533 and revision id 28855\n -->\n </div>\n</div>"
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