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"description": "Novel by Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston published in 2003 that is set in large part in\n \n Manzanar\n \n .",
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{
"title": "Brian Niiya",
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"title": [
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"author": [
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"body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <div id=\"databox-Books\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n Title:The Legend of Fire Horse Woman;\nAuthor:Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston;\nIllustrator:;\nOrigTitle:;\nCountry:;\nLanguage:;\nSeries:;\nGenre:;\nPublisher:Kensington Books;\nPubDate:2003;\nCurrentPublisher:;\nCurrentPubDate:;\nMediaType:;\nPages:329;\nAwards:;\nISBN:;\nWorldCatLink:\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.worldcat.org/title/legend-of-fire-horse-woman/oclc/53211975\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.worldcat.org/title/legend-of-fire-horse-woman/oclc/53211975\n </a>\n ;\n </p>\n </div>\n <div class=\"floatright\">\n </div>\n <div class=\"rgonly\">\n <!--\"rgdatabox-CoreDisplay\" removed-->\n <div id=\"rgdatabox-Core\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n RGMediaType:books;\nTitle:The Legend of Fire Horse Woman;\nCreators:;\nInterestLevel:Grades 9-12; Adult;\nReadingLevel:;\nGuidedReadingLevel:;\nLexile:;\nTheme:Female roles; Family – blessing or curse; Overcoming – fear, weakness, vice;\nGenre:Historical Fiction;\nPoV:told from perspective of Issei and Nisei women;\nRelatedEvents:;\nAvailability:Widely available;\nFreeWebVersion:Yes;\nPrimarySecondary:;\nHasTeachingAids:No;\nWarnings:Some sexual content;\nDenshoTopic:;\nGeography:;\nChronology:1900s and 1940s;\nFacility:Manzanar [7] - Manzanar, California;\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <p>\n Novel by Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston published in 2003 that is set in large part in\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Manzanar\" title=\"Manzanar\">\n Manzanar\n </a>\n .\n </p>\n <p>\n The book centers on three women,\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Issei\" title=\"Issei\">\n Issei\n </a>\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Picture_brides\" title=\"Picture brides\">\n picture bride\n </a>\n Sayo Matsubara, her\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Nisei\" title=\"Nisei\">\n Nisei\n </a>\n daughter Hana Murakami, and Hana's\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Sansei\" title=\"Sansei\">\n Sansei\n </a>\n daughter Terri moving back and forth in time between the World War II years, when they and the rest of the family are incarcerated in Manzanar, and Sayo's marriage and early life in San Jose and Watsonville, California, forty years before. For both Sayo and Hana, arranged marriages don't work out for different reasons, and each finds true love in circumstances that seem to prevent fulfillment. In the course of the family's life at Manzanar—which is never explicitly named in the book—many of the key events of the camp's history play a role in the plot, from the December 1942\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Manzanar_riot/uprising\" title=\"Manzanar riot/uprising\">\n riot/uprising\n </a>\n , the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Manzanar_Children%27s_Village\" title=\"Manzanar Children's Village\">\n orphanage\n </a>\n , the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Loyalty_questionnaire\" title=\"Loyalty questionnaire\">\n loyalty questionnaire\n </a>\n ,\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Japanese_Americans_in_military_during_World_War_II\" title=\"Japanese Americans in military during World War II\">\n military service\n </a>\n , and the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Resettlement\" title=\"Resettlement\">\n resettlement\n </a>\n of one character in a fictitious town resembling\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Seabrook_Farms\" title=\"Seabrook Farms\">\n Seabrook Farms\n </a>\n , New Jersey. The intertwined histories of Japanese Americans and Native Americans embodied in the history of Manzanar also play a key role in the book. The title refers to Sayo being born under the fire horse sign: by tradition, this signifies a woman whose independence and fiery nature make them poor wives in the traditional Japanese sense. However in the new world of Japanese immigrants in the United States, being a fire horse woman takes on a different meaning.\n </p>\n <p>\n Houston was first inspired to write the book after doing a series of interviews with picture brides in Hawai'i many years earlier. She was also influenced by Richard Stewart, a Paiute Indian man who was a docent at Manzanar and by her parents stories of farming in Watsonville, which led to her setting part of the novel there. She also realized that many people still didn't know the story of Japanese American incarceration and wanted to tell the story in a different way to a different audience, particularly women. \"I wanted to write a book women would read and enjoy and identify but by the end would have learned something,\" she told Suzanne Mantell. \"I still believe in stories.\" She wrote the book intermittently over a ten year period.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n [1]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <p>\n Critics generally reviewed the book positively, praising its integration of the social history of wartime incarceration with its strong women-centered storyline.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n [2]\n </a>\n </sup>\n Called \"a staggeringly multicultural work,\" others also cited its deft integration of the Native American storyline.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_3-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref3-3\">\n [3]\n </a>\n </sup>\n Other reviewers thought the day-to-day racism of the incarceration insufficiently detailed, found some elements of the storyline far fetched, and felt that male characters were \"unevenly limned\" in contrast to the female ones.\n <sup class=\"reference\" id=\"cite_ref-ftnt_ref4_4-0\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_note-ftnt_ref4-4\">\n [4]\n </a>\n </sup>\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n <b>\n Authored by\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Brian_Niiya\" title=\"Brian Niiya\">\n Brian Niiya\n </a>\n , Densho\n </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n Niiya, Brian\n </div>\n</div>\n",
"moreinfo": "<div class=\"section\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"For_More_Information\">\n For More Information\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n Beck, Jessica Neuman. \"\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://www.metroactive.com/papers/cruz/11.05.03/houston-0345.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n Smoke, She Is A-Rising.\n </a>\n \"\n <i>\n Metroactive\n </i>\n , Nov. 5, 2003.\n </p>\n <p>\n Degi, Bruce. \"Lives Interrupted: A Brief Look at Eight Novels Based on the Japanese-American Internment Experience.\"\n <i>\n CEA Critic\n </i>\n 70.3 (2008): 56–66.\n </p>\n <p>\n Kam, Nadie. \"\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://archives.starbulletin.com/2003/11/07/features/story2.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n 'Fire Horse' Captures the Strength of Asian Women.\n </a>\n \"\n <i>\n Honolulu Star Bulletin\n </i>\n , Nov. 7, 2003.\n </p>\n <p>\n Mantell, Suzanne. \"The Legend of Fire Horse Woman (Book).\"\n <i>\n Publishers Weekly\n </i>\n , August 11, 2003, 138. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>",
"reviews": "<div class=\"section\" id=\"Reviews\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Reviews\">\n Reviews\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n Adams, Wanda. \"\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2003/Nov/09/il/il02a.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n 'Fire Horse Woman' Blazes Rough Trail.\n </a>\n \"\n <i>\n Honolulu Advertiser\n </i>\n , Nov. 9, 2003. [\"'Fire Horse Woman' is a pleasurable read and one that those who enjoy historical fiction (and a little mild eroticism) will swallow whole. However, it's not the most tightly knit piece of fiction or the most believable.\"]\n </p>\n <p>\n Bridge, Josephine.\n <i>\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://www.asianreporter.com/reviews/2004/23-04legendfire.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n The Asian Reporter\n </a>\n </i>\n , June 1, 2004.\n </p>\n <p>\n Day, Anthony. \"\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2003/dec/19/entertainment/et-book19\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n Resilience of a Culture Uprooted and Replanted.\n </a>\n \"\n <i>\n Los Angeles Times\n </i>\n , Dec. 19, 2003. [\"As social history 'The Legend of Fire Horse Woman' excels. As a novel it is not as satisfying.\"]\n </p>\n <p>\n Goto, Hiromi. \"Manzanar as Metaphor.\"\n <i>\n Women's Review Of Books\n </i>\n 21.10/11 (July 2004): 22. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost. [\"For those who want to read an uplifting tale of female fortitude and optimism this novel will provide an emotional boost.\"]\n </p>\n <p>\n Huntley, Kristine.\n <i>\n Booklist\n </i>\n , Nov. 15, 2003, 575. [\"Houston vividly re-creates the limitation and loneliness of life in the Manzanar camp while showing each woman finding something she didn't know she needed—Terri discovers her talent, Hana her voice, and Sayo something she thought she'd lost long ago. An absorbing, lovely novel.\"]\n </p>\n <p>\n <i>\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-7582-0455-4\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n Publishers Weekly\n </a>\n </i>\n , September 8, 2003. [\"… [draws] parallels between Native Americans and displaced Japanese-Americans without hammering the reader with history lessons or blaming individuals for government's actions.]\n </p>\n <p>\n Tyau, Kathleen.\n <i>\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"http://www.waterbridgereview.org/112004/rvw_fire_horse.php\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n WaterBridge Review\n </a>\n </i>\n , Nov. 2004. [\"'\n <i>\n The Legend of Fire Horse Woman\n </i>\n is a loving and timely tribute, a passionate liberation of the phoenix from the ashes of an otherwise devastating experience.\"]\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>",
"footnotes": "<div class=\"section\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Footnotes\">\n Footnotes\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <div class=\"reflist\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\">\n <div class=\"mw-references-wrap\">\n <ol class=\"references\">\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref1-1\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref1_1-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Jessica Neuman Beck, \"Smoke, She Is A-Rising,\n <i>\n Metroactive\n </i>\n , Nov. 5, 2003,\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.metroactive.com/papers/cruz/11.05.03/houston-0345.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.metroactive.com/papers/cruz/11.05.03/houston-0345.html\n </a>\n ; Nadine Kam, \"'Fire Horse' Captures the Strength of Asian Women,\"\n <i>\n Honolulu Star Bulletin\n </i>\n , Nov. 7, 2003,\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://archives.starbulletin.com/2003/11/07/features/story2.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://archives.starbulletin.com/2003/11/07/features/story2.html\n </a>\n ; Suzanne Mantell, \"The Legend of Fire Horse Woman (Book),\"\n <i>\n Publishers Weekly\n </i>\n , August 11, 2003, 138, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, all accessed on January 30, 2014.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref2-2\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref2_2-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n See for instance, Anthony Day, \"Resilience of a Culture Uprooted and Replanted,\"\n <i>\n Los Angeles Times\n </i>\n , Dec. 19, 2003,\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2003/dec/19/entertainment/et-book19\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://articles.latimes.com/2003/dec/19/entertainment/et-book19\n </a>\n ; Kathleen Tyau,\n <i>\n WaterBridge Review\n </i>\n , Nov. 2004,\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.waterbridgereview.org/112004/rvw_fire_horse.php\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.waterbridgereview.org/112004/rvw_fire_horse.php\n </a>\n ; and Hiromi Goto, \"Manzanar as Metaphor,\"\n <i>\n Women's Review Of Books\n </i>\n 21.10/11 (July 2004), 22, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, all accessed on January 30, 2014.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref3-3\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref3_3-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Quote from Josephine Bridges,\n <i>\n The Asian Reporter\n </i>\n , June 1, 2004,\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.asianreporter.com/reviews/2004/23-04legendfire.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.asianreporter.com/reviews/2004/23-04legendfire.htm\n </a>\n ;\n <i>\n Publishers Weekly\n </i>\n , September 8, 2003,\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-7582-0455-4\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-0-7582-0455-4\n </a>\n , both accessed on January 30, 2014.\n </span>\n </li>\n <li id=\"cite_note-ftnt_ref4-4\">\n <span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\n <a class=\"\" href=\"#cite_ref-ftnt_ref4_4-0\">\n ↑\n </a>\n </span>\n <span class=\"reference-text\">\n Goto, \"Manzanar as Metaphor\"; Wanda Adams,\"'Fire Horse Woman' Blazes Rough Trail,\"\n <i>\n Honolulu Advertiser\n </i>\n , Nov. 9, 2003,\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2003/Nov/09/il/il02a.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2003/Nov/09/il/il02a.html\n </a>\n ; quote from Day, \"Resilience of a Culture,\" all accessed on January 30, 2014.\n </span>\n </li>\n </ol>\n </div>\n </div>\n <!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20230613175429\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: false\nComplications: []\nCPU time usage: 0.026 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.034 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 411/1000000\nPost‐expand include size: 7033/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 1352/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 5/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0/20\nUnstrip post‐expand size: 3396/5000000 bytes\nExtLoops count: 0\n-->\n <!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 21.304 1 -total\n 14.01% 2.985 1 Template:Reflist\n 10.98% 2.340 1 Template:RGDatabox-Core\n 9.90% 2.108 1 Template:Databox-Books\n 6.50% 1.384 1 Template:Published\n 6.45% 1.373 1 Template:AuthorByline\n 6.20% 1.320 1 Template:FindAtIA\n 6.11% 1.302 1 Template:publish-rgonly\n-->\n <!-- Saved in parser cache with key encycmw:pcache:idhash:2300-0!canonical and timestamp 20230613175429 and revision id 35026\n -->\n </div>\n</div>",
"findatia": "<div class=\"section\" id=\"Find_in_the_Digital_Library_of_Japanese_American_Incarceration\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Find_in_the_Digital_Library_of_Japanese_American_Incarceration\">\n Find in the Digital Library of Japanese American Incarceration\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n <b>\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/legendoffirehors00hous\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n The Legend of Fire Horse Woman\n </a>\n </b>\n </p>\n <p style=\"font-size:8pt;line-height:1.5;color: #aaa;\">\n This item has been made freely available in the\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/digital-library-of-japanese-american-incarceration\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n Digital Library of Japanese American Incarceration\n </a>\n , a collaborative project with\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n Internet Archive\n </a>\n .\n </p>\n <p>\n Might also like:\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/wiki/Why She Left Us (book)/\" title=\"Why She Left Us (book)\">\n Why She Left Us\n </a>\n </i>\n by Rahna Reiko Rizzuto;\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/wiki/When the Emperor Was Divine (book)/\" title=\"When the Emperor Was Divine (book)\">\n When the Emperor Was Divine\n </a>\n </i>\n by Julie Otsuka;\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/wiki/Picture Bride (book)/\" title=\"Picture Bride (book)\">\n Picture Bride\n </a>\n </i>\n by Yoshiko Uchida\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>"
}