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"description": "Three vignettes by Toshio Mori centering on a family in\n \n Topaz\n \n and the furlough visit of their Nisei soldier son. In the first, an\n \n Issei\n \n father struggles to write a letter to his son Sam in English. In the second, Sam stops in Salt Lake City to buy presents for his family before visiting them in Topaz the next day, recalling the friend (presumably in Topaz) who was convinced he was a \"sucker\" for volunteering. In the last, Sam is greeted warmly by his family and learns that a sister has left camp for New York and a brother is also joining the army.",
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"description": "Comical story by Ted Tajima about an\n \n Issei\n \n man at an unspecified concentration camp who enlivens the first Christmas in camp by elaborately playing Santa. A regular contributor of stories to the\n \n\n Rafu Shimpo\n \n\n holiday edition, Tajima taught at Alhambra High for 35 years and led their acclaimed journalism program.",
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"description": "Short story that contrasts the reception of two returning soldiers to their homes after serving overseas. Two soldiers meet on a train and talk about what they look forward to upon returning home. The first, presumably white, gets off the train to a warm welcome by parents, a girlfriend and the family pet. The second, a Japanese American has no one waiting for him, since his family is still incarcerated in an Arizona concentration camp. He is ignored or greeted coldly by the locals in his hometown and when he gets to his family home, finds that it has been vandalized and painted with racist epithets. Authored by Sgt. Len Zinberg,\n \n Welcome Home!\n \n was first published in\n \n Yank\n \n , a weekly magazine published by the U.S. Army and reprinted in the\n \n\n Pacific Citizen\n \n\n in 1945.",
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"description": "Short story by Ferris Takahashi about a Japanese American family leaving a concentration camp to return to their old home in Los Angeles. Told from the perspective of a college educated\n \n Nisei\n \n husband and father of two young children, the story begins as they gather up their possessions and prepare to leave the camp. Yosh, a friend who had returned earlier and was able to reestablish his business, greets them at the train station. When they return to their home, they find it trashed and vandalized, with all the furniture gone. They also learn that the Buddhist temple in which they had stored other possessions had burned down. Yosh and his family offer to put them up until they can fix their house. Returning to look more closely at the house after dinner, the man and his\n \n Issei\n \n mother find racist graffiti. His mother assures him that they will rebound.",
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"description": "Love story by Rubén \"Funkahuatl\" Guevara about a Chicano young man and a Nisei young woman that begins in 1941. Written in the first person voice of Carlos Gutiérrez, the story begins when he spots Yukiko Nakamura dancing at a\n \n bon dance\n \n while he is walking home from work. At Roosevelt High School, he approaches her, and they become friends, with each learning about the other's culture. Carlos aspires to be a boxing champion and is estranged from his alcoholic father. He soon becomes a regular at Yukiko's family's restaurant and begins taking lessons in the martial arts from Yukiko's father, eventually winning his respect and the right to date Yukiko. But the coming of war and the forced removal of Japanese Americans separate the couple, as Yukiko and her family are sent to\n \n Manzanar\n \n . Carlos eventually becomes a war hero by applying the lessons he learned from Mr. Nakamura, though he is badly injured.",
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"description": "Prose poem memoir by Momoko Iko that traces her family's journey out of the concentration camps and her subsequent upbringing away from Japanese American communities on the West Coast. She begins with her birth in 1940 to\n \n Issei\n \n parents, her fleeting recollections of her family's incarceration, and life after the war, first in Philadelphia, then\n \n Chicago\n \n . Various stories centering on racism, racial identity, interracial relations, and the legacy of the camps in the 1950s and 1960s follow, tracing the narrator's journey to becoming a writer.",
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"description": "Short story by Chester Sakamoto about an elderly Holocaust survivor who mistakenly gets off the bus in\n \n Little Tokyo\n \n , where he meets an elderly Nisei man. One Sunday, on his weekly visit to a friend in Pasadena, Mr. Muncznik gets off the bus too early and ends up in Little Tokyo. Sitting to get his bearings, he finds himself next to a statue of a Japanese man. Friendly Mr. Sata stops and explains that it is a statue of Chiune Sugihara, a Japanese diplomat who risked his career and safety to help thousands of Jews escape Lithuania during the war. Conversation ensues about each man's wartime experience—Mr. Sata had lived in Little Tokyo before the war and had been sent with his family to\n \n Heart Mountain\n \n —revealing a startling coincidence.",
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"description": "A snowfall at\n \n Topaz\n \n brings children out of the barracks to engage in snowball fights and snowman building. They recall friends back home and wish their non-Japanese American friends can join them in play. The very short story by\n \n Toshio Mori\n \n —dubbed \"A Sketch\"—appeared in the\n \n\n Pacific Citizen\n \n\n newspaper in 1945.",
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"description": "Short story by\n \n David Mas Masumoto\n \n told in the first person voice of a\n \n Sansei\n \n young adult reflecting on the meaning of an old snapshot of his father's family taken at\n \n Gila River\n \n in 1944. The occasion is the funeral of his Uncle George, killed as an\n \n American soldier in the war\n \n . In the photo, the narrator's grandfather holds a flag and his grandmother holds a picture of George, while his father and aunts and uncles stand uneasily to the side. The narrator writes in turn about the postwar fates of his grandfather, who died before he was born; his grandmother, who lives with the family, but suffers from dementia; and his father, who struggled to buy a farm after the war and now grows raisins and other crops on eighty acres. Each in his her own way remains as silent to the narrator as in the photograph.",
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"description": "Short story by Wakako Yamauchi about a\n \n Nisei\n \n strandee couple and their difficulties both in wartime Japan and in the\n \n resettlement\n \n era U.S. Told in the first-person voice of Mie, the story begins in 1939 when Mie is seventeen. As was the case for a sizable minority of Nisei youth, she had been sent to Japan for her education, having arrived there three years prior. She attends a boarding school and spends holidays with the Kodamas, a wealthy childless couple who are family friends. On a holiday, she meets Jobo Endo, a fellow Nisei, who is in Japan attending college. Courtship ensues. Recognizing the difficulties they would face in Japan as the war heats up, Jobo suggests that Mie ask the Kodamas for money to return to the U.S. However, the Kodamas had hoped to marry off Mie to a grand nephew. Though they consent to Jobo and Mie getting married, they are stuck in Japan as it enters war with the U.S. Facing hunger and other hardships, Jobo and Mie survive the war. Meanwhile, their families in the U.S. are sent to concentration camps; Mie's father dies in camp. Both families \"resettle\" in the Midwest, and Mie's family sends them money that allows them to return. But the time away had damaged relationships, and short stints with both families fail to work out. Eventually they move to California, where Jobo finds sudden success as an agent in the booming real estate market. But that success leads to the couple drifting apart, and Jobo eventually leaves Mie for another woman. The title of the story comes from a Shirley Temple doll that her family sent her in Japan that comes to represent her lost American life.",
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"description": "Short story centering on Akira Koyama, a Nisei man who has left an unspecified concentration camp to attend college in Utah. There, he stubbornly tries to find a summer job in the face of rampant discrimination. After being turned down for a draftsman position because of his ancestry, he visits a laundry owned by an acquaintance's family in search of other leads. Meanwhile, Dale, a white navy veteran and one of his college roommates, suffers from stomach pains that resemble appendicitis. Akira accompanies him to the hospital and waits as Dale has successful surgery. After a conversation with the doctor, Akira is offered a job at the hospital.",
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"description": "Short story about an\n \n Issei\n \n man in\n \n Topaz\n \n during the time of the\n \n loyalty questionnaire\n \n . Shojiro Mikawa, a grandfather from Hiroshima, is incarcerated in Topaz with his family. His close friend, Tanimoto, is among those in the camp who is organizing resistance to the questionnaire. He attends a meeting led by Tanimoto that advocates refusing to answer the questionnaire. However an informant at the meeting has reported to the camp administration the names of all who attended. Called before the camp director, Mikawa is ordered to tell what he knows about the organization of the meeting or else be sent to\n \n Tule Lake\n \n and thus separated from his family.",
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"description": "Short story by Rei Noguchi about a young Japanese American girl who learns about the wartime incarceration from an\n \n Issei\n \n woman neighbor. It is a cold New Year's Eve in Dover, New Jersey, and Maya Okano has been dispatched by her parents to return a plate to a woman they call Grandmother Okamoto. The older woman, who is making sushi for New Year's, is happy to see the girl and serves her tea. Maya tells Grandmother Okamoto that she doesn't like sushi or Japanese food in general, preferring \"American\" food. Grandmother Okamoto sends Maya into the bedroom to fetch a can of nori from the dresser; when she does, she sees a little shrine on the dresser and the photograph of a young man in military uniform in front of barracks. When Maya asks, Grandmother Okamoto tells her about her son, who was killed fighting (presumably in the\n \n 442nd Regimental Combat Team\n \n ) in Italy during World War II and about their forced removal from their Tulare, California, farm and subsequent incarceration in\n \n Poston\n \n . After she finishes making the sushi, they go and place some before the alter and pray together. Maya tells Grandmother Okamoto that she'd like to learn how to make sushi someday.",
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"description": "Short story about a young Nisei couple settling in \"Centreville,\" a fictional small town in California, after World War II. John and Mary Mori arrive and open a flower market in town. But despite John's military service and the couple's good deeds, the face anti-Japanese harassment before a series of events begin to turn the tide. Author Bradford Smith tells the story using fictitious newspaper articles, letters, and personal testimony.",
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"description": "Short story by Jimmy Tokeshi about an\n \n Issei\n \n grandfather who takes his nineteen-year-old granddaughter on an impromptu pilgrimage to\n \n Manzanar\n \n on Christmas Eve decades after his wartime incarceration there.",
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