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"title": "An American Contradiction (film)",
"description": "Filmmaker Vanessa Yuille goes to visit the\n \n Heart Mountain\n \n site, where her mother was born, to learn more about its history. Through interviews with former inmates—particularly Bacon Sakatani—and local residents and experts, she provides an overview of the mass removal and incarceration and of life at Heart Mountain. We also see LaDonna Zall, acting curator at the\n \n Heart Mountain Interpretive Center\n \n , lead tour of the site as it is today. The film concludes with Sakatani leading what looks like a local community meeting in a discussion about whether the camp should be called a \"concentration camp.\"",
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"description": "Short documentary film that uses animation and archival footage to tell the story of Shiro Kashino, a\n \n Nisei\n \n from Seattle who becomes a war hero as a member of the\n \n 442nd Regimental Combat Team\n \n , but who loses his rank for his role in a fight in France.",
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"description": "To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the end of World War II, the Hawai'i state legislature funded the development of\n \n Ancestry is Not a Crime\n \n , focused on the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans. The 192-page curriculum aims to engage elementary through high school students with this complex history, to wrestle with the meaning of democratic principles, and to think critically about civil liberties and the responsibilities of a democratic citizenry.",
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"title": "Best Friends Forever: A World War II Scrapbook (book)",
"description": "Children's book about the friendship between a German American girl and her forcibly removed Japanese American friend in the form of a scrapbook from the year 1942.",
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"description": "Documentary film by Claudia Katayanagi that provides an overview of the Japanese American incarceration with a focus on resistance, in particular on the\n \n Moab and Leupp Isolation Centers\n \n and the events leading up to them. In addition to many interviews with scholars, former inmates, local residents (many of whom are Native American), and others, Katayanagi uses actors to reenact some key scenes in the story. She also uses Wendy Maruyama's Tag Project—an art installation consisting of thousands of tags similar to those attached to Japanese Americans and their possessions as they were being forcibly removed—as recurring motif between the eight chapters, from \"Pre-War Days\" to \"Redress and Reparations.\"",
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"id": "The Bitter Memory: America's Concentration Camps (film)",
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"title": "The Bitter Memory: America's Concentration Camps (film)",
"description": "Early film that provides an overview of the wartime forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans on the West Coast produced by the University of California, Berkeley in 1975.\n \n Bitter Memory\n \n tells the story through narration and interviews with former inmates accompanied by archival footage from\n \n Office of War Information/War Relocation Authority (WRA) films\n \n and WRA still photos. All footage—even contemporary interview footage and footage shot at\n \n Tule Lake\n \n —is in black and white. Identified inmate narrators include poet and playwright\n \n Hiroshi Kashiwagi\n \n , Mary Otani, Michi Mukai, and Kumito Ishida. The bulk of the film deals with living conditions in the concentration camps—the lack of privacy, the breaking up of the family unit, employment, food and so forth—along with the\n \n loyalty questionnaire\n \n and\n \n segregation\n \n . The film is also known as\n \n Bitter Memories: Tule Lake\n \n , even though only the last few minutes of the film focus on Tule Lake.",
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"description": "Mixed race Nisei shares his story, from a tough childhood growing up on a farm in the Midwest to his experiences in combat with the\n \n 522nd Field Artillery Battalion\n \n during World War II.",
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"id": "Blossoms and Thorns: A Community Uprooted (film)",
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"title": "Blossoms and Thorns: A Community Uprooted (film)",
"description": "Documentary film that examines Japanese American cut flower growers in Richmond, California, before, during and after World War II. Written and directed by Ken Kokka, the 19-minute film was funded by the Contra Costa Japanese American Citizens League.",
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"description": "Children's picture book by Eve Bunting about a Japanese American family's pilgrimage to\n \n Manzanar\n \n in 1972.",
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"description": "Reflections and observations of a social worker in\n \n Tule Lake\n \n segregation center during World War II.",
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"description": "Filmed presentation by members of Nisei VFW Post 8985, based in Sacramento, on the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans. According to leader\n \n Kiyo Sato-Viacrucis\n \n , the group had been making such presentations for fourteen years to schools. Joining Sato-Viacrucis are members Kaoru \"Kirk\" Shibata, Robert Kashiwagi, H. Gary Shiota, Kinya Noguchi, Jim Tanaka, Yoshiro William Matsuhara. The group talk through the core story—\n \n Executive Order 9066\n \n and the roundup of Japanese Americans, life in the concentration camps, volunteering for the army from the camps, and the aftermath of the war, ending with the\n \n Civil Liberties Act of 1988\n \n —taking turns and often using photographs or other objects to tell the story. The group also tells the story of the formation of their group: how as Nisei veterans, they were not allowed to join existing Veterans of Foreign Affairs groups and thus had to form their own. The roughly 44-minute presentation is followed by a question and answer session from the adult audience.",
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"title": "Strawberry Yellow (book)",
"description": "The fifth book in Naomi Hirahara's Mas Arai Mysteries series finds the\n \n Kibei\n \n gardener back in his hometown of Watsonville for the funeral of a relative. But the apparent murder of an anti-GMO activist and the suggestion by his widow that the deceased relative may have been murdered plunge Mas into another mystery.",
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"id": "Suitcase Sefton and the American Dream (book)",
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"description": "Novel by Jay Feldman about a New York Yankees scout who discovers a hot\n \n Nisei\n \n pitching prospect in an American concentration camp during World War II.",
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"title": "Civil Rights and Japanese-American Internment (curricula)",
"description": "Developed in 2000 by the Stanford Program on International and Cross-Cultural Education (SPICE) and the Institute for International Studies (IIS) at Stanford University, this high school/college curriculum module presents civil rights in the context of the Japanese-American experience from immigration in the early 20th century to World War II, and on through more contemporary issues of\n \n redress, reparations\n \n and memorializing the incarceration. Organized into six lessons, this curriculum can provide up to three weeks of stand-alone instruction or select lessons can be used to augment U.S. history textbook coverage.",
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"id": "Canefields and Deserts: Japanese American Internment (exhibition)",
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"title": "Canefields and Deserts: Japanese American Internment (exhibition)",
"description": "Early traveling exhibition assembled by the\n \n Japanese American National Museum\n \n (JANM) and displayed in venues in Honolulu and Denver, Colorado, in 1992. As part of the 50th anniversary commemoration of\n \n Executive Order 9066\n \n , JANM put together\n \n Canefields and Deserts\n \n , which opened at the Ala Moana Center in Honolulu on July 10, 1992. Curated by Pam Funai, the exhibition included photographs of Hawai'i internment camps\n \n Sand Island\n \n and\n \n Honouliuli\n \n , letter and sketches by artist\n \n George Hoshida\n \n , and a large scale model of\n \n Manzanar\n \n made by Robert Hasuike. After its brief ten-day run in Honolulu, the exhibition traveled to Denver in August 1992.",
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"id": "Then Becoming Now (film)",
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"title": "Then Becoming Now (film)",
"description": "Documentary film by Emiko Omori about three men—Kazumu \"Kaz\" Julio Cesar Naganuma, Hiroshi Fukuda, and Hiroshi \"Shim\" Shimizu—who met as young children when their families were interned at the\n \n Crystal City\n \n , Texas, internment camp, became friends in postwar San Francisco, and participated in protests against Trump administration immigrant detention and family separation policies in 2019. In interviews, each man discusses his family history and internment trajectory, with Fukuda's—whose father was a Konko-kyo minister—and Shimizu's being from San Francisco, while Naganuma's was among the\n \n Japanese Peruvians\n \n who were seized by the U.S. Government as part of a prisoner exchange program. They became friends after the war through the Boy Scout troupe run by the San Francisco Konko Church. The film ends with each speaking at 2019 protests, including one at a Dilley, Texas, detention center near the site of the Crystal City camp.",
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"id": "Though I Be Crushed: The Wartime Experiences of a Buddhist Minister (book)",
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"title": "Though I Be Crushed: The Wartime Experiences of a Buddhist Minister (book)",
"description": "Translated memoir of an\n \n Issei\n \n Buddhist priest focusing on his wartime incarceration at several camps.",
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"id": "Confined Citizens: The Amache-Granada Relocation Center, 1942-1945 (exhibition)",
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"title": "Confined Citizens: The Amache-Granada Relocation Center, 1942-1945 (exhibition)",
"description": "Section within the\n \n Colorado Stories\n \n exhibition, a permanent installation at the History Colorado Center in Denver that was part of its 2012 grand opening.",
"url_title": "Confined Citizens: The Amache-Granada Relocation Center, 1942-1945 (exhibition)",
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"id": "Conversations: Before the War/After the War (film)",
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"title": "Conversations: Before the War/After the War (film)",
"description": "A 1986 dramatic film by Robert Nakamura that is based on the play \"Truth of the Matter\" by Karen L. Ishizuka. In\n \n Conversations\n \n , three characters discuss their life experiences, feelings and the facts of the World War II incarceration of Japanese Americans, exploring the changes in their lives and long term effects of their wartime experiences. Though taking the form of oral history interviews, the three characters were nonprofessional actors playing composite characters based on their own experiences and that of others. The cast included Kimiko Nakamura—the mother of director Nakamura—along with\n \n Warren Furutani\n \n , playing a role based on his father, and Grace Ino, playing the part of a younger\n \n Nisei\n \n . in a 2009 interview, Nakamra said that the film \"was experimental in that we used the experiences of the non-actors themselves reading transcripts of interviews, and a little bit of coaching.\"\n \n\n [1]",
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{
"id": "The Colorado Experience: Freedom and Poverty (film)",
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"title": "The Colorado Experience: Freedom and Poverty (film)",
"description": "Documentary film that looks at the experience of one Japanese American family from California that\n \n \"voluntarily\" migrates\n \n to rural Colorado to avoid the mass forced removal of Japanese Americans living on the West Coast in 1942. Bryan Yokomi, a young descendant of that family, produced and directed the 31 minute film.",
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"title": "The Crystal City (film)",
"description": "Documentary film about the\n \n Crystal City\n \n internment camp by Kenya Gillespie. The short film tells the story of three families—the Utsushigawas from\n \n Peru\n \n , the Fukudas from San Francisco, and Eisorlohs,\n \n German Americans\n \n from Ohio—through narration and mostly contemporary footage of the Crystal City site, as well as images from a contemporaneous Crystal City government film. There is also a brief excerpt of remarks by another internee, Haru Kuromiya.",
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"id": "The War Relocation Centers of World War II: When Fear was Stronger than Justice (curricula)",
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"title": "The War Relocation Centers of World War II: When Fear was Stronger than Justice (curricula)",
"description": "This lesson for upper elementary and secondary students produced by the National Park Service centers on files from the National Register of Historic Places: \"\n \n Manzanar\n \n War Relocation Center\" and \"\n \n Rohwer\n \n Relocation Center Memorial Cemetery\". The lesson can be used in the study of World War II in U.S. History or human rights in a social studies unit. Links allow teachers to search for relevant curriculum standards by subject and grade level.",
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