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The Loom (short story)

Short Stories
Grades 9-12, Adult
Adult
Fiction
Communication – verbal and nonverbal, Facing darkness, Loneliness as destructive force, Motherhood, Power of silence
Widely available

Short story by R. A. Sasaki that portrays the life of a Nisei woman looking both backwards and forwards after the death of one of her daughters. Born and raised in San Francisco where her family ran a boarding house, the unnamed woman graduated from the University of California before being incarcerated with her family in Tanforan and Topaz during World War II. Returning to San Francisco after the war having married a Kibei man she had known from before the war, she has four daughters while her husband works in the flower industry. Devoted to her daughters, she is at a loss as they leave the house to pursue their own lives and after one dies in a mountain climbing accident. Her daughters' efforts to bring her out of her torpor are largely unsuccessful until one gives her a loom, through which she is able to express the feelings …

Lost LA: Descanso Gardens (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary, History
Chaos and order, Nature as beauty, Power of the past
Widely available

Special episode of the Lost LA public television series that tells the story of Descanso Gardens, a botanical garden in La Cañada Flintridge, California, that is run by Los Angeles County. The wartime incarceration of Japanese Americans plays a key role in the history of the garden.

Lost LA: From Little Tokyo to Crenshaw (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary, History
Empowerment, Importance of community, Power of the past, Social mobility
Widely available

Episode of the Lost LA public television series that looks at the return of Japanese Americans to Los Angeles Little Tokyo after their wartime incarceration and the postwar evolution of the Seinan or Crenshaw community, where Japanese Americans and African Americans lived side-by-side for several decades. Host Nathan Masters interviews Japanese American National Museum curator and collection manager Kristen Hayashi about the return to Little Tokyo and subsequent move to the suburbs; dancer and activist Nobuko Miyamoto , who grew up in the Crenshaw neighborhood after the war; Vietnam veteran and activist Nick Nagatani, who was one of the founders of Yellow Brotherhood, a social service organization in the community; and Joy Simmons, a local activist and arts advocate who grew up with many Japanese Americans in the 1960s and 1970s.

Lost LA: Three Views of Manzanar: Adams, Lange, Miyatake (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary, History
Expression through art, Power of the past
Widely available

Episode of the Lost LA public television series that looks at the Manzanar photography of Ansel Adams , Dorothea Lange and Toyo Miyatake . Series host Nathan Masters visits the Manzanar National Historic Site , where he discusses the various approaches of the trio with Park Ranger Rose Masters and contemporary photographer Paul Kitagaki and visits the sites of some of their iconic photographs. Masters then visits the Toyo Miyatake Studios in San Gabriel, California, where he meets Alan Miyatake, the grandson of Toyo.

The Lost Village of Terminal Island (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary
Displacement, Immigrant experience, Importance of community, Power of the past
Widely available

A 2007 documentary film directed by David Meltzer about Terminal Island , once home for a large and prosperous Japanese American fishing community located near the Port of Los Angeles, California. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 , nearly 3,000 Japanese immigrants and their families who lived at Terminal Island were forced from their homes and into government concentration camps. Most of the original inhabitants of this tight-knit Japanese American village would never return. This film tells the story of childhood memories of growing up on a once idyllic Terminal Island as well as the painful experiences of suspicion, interrogation and incarceration (most Terminal Islanders were sent to the camp at Manzanar ) that the community suffered following the passage of Executive Order 9066. The film also traces the former residents' continuing identification with Terminal Island, noting the reunions that began in 1971 and climaxing with …

Mackerel Sky (short story)

Short Stories
Grades 9-12, Adult
Memoir
Communication – verbal and nonverbal, Immigrant experience, Will to survive, Working class struggles
No availability

Short story by Jeff Matsuda in which a young Sansei man recalls various stories about his Issei grandfather: visiting him and his grandmother when he was a child; recreating the old man talking about his youth in Japan and his early years as a laborer in the U.S.; and visiting him with his mother when he was in college, and his grandfather was a nearly deaf old man. In the process, the narrator recalls his grandfather's internment: as a fisherman on Terminal Island , he was arrested a week after Pearl Harbor and sent to Bismarck and then to an unspecified camp in New Mexico, while the rest of his immediate family spent the war years in Japan.

The Magic of Ordinary Days (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Drama, Romance
Beauty of simplicity, Love and sacrifice, Role of women
Available

Made-for-television movie under the Hallmark Hall of Fame banner about the arranged marriage of an educated urban woman carrying an illegitimate child and a kindly farmer. The film includes a subplot about a friendship between the woman and two Japanese American sisters from Amache who are among the farmworkers.

Main Street, Wyoming: Heart Mountain (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary
Injustice, Power of the past
Widely available

Episode of the local PBS program Main Street, Wyoming that focuses on Heart Mountain . Originally produced and aired in 1994, it was repackaged with a brief new opening as part of the Main Street, Wyoming Classics series in 2006. Featuring on-camera host Deborah Hammons, the episode includes three segments: : an extended interview with Paul Tsuneishi on his incarceration experience and subsequent military service; a profile of Kaz Uriu, one of the only Heart Mountain inmates to later settle in Wyoming as a farmer, based on an interview with his daughter; and local efforts to build a memorial at the site—which was dedicated in July 1978—featuring interviews with local residents. Produced by Wyoming Public Television, it was funded by the Wyoming Council for the Humanities ad Kennecott Energy. It has been made available online as part of the American Archive of Public Broadcasting.

Makapuu Bay (short story)

Short Stories
Grades 9-12, Adult
Fiction
Disillusionment and dreams, Facing reality, Lost love, Names – power and significance, Reunion
Widely available

Short story by Wakako Yamauchi about a divorced middle-aged Japanese American writer who goes to a literary conference in Honolulu where she runs into an old boyfriend from the war years. In flashback, we learn that Sachiko—nicknamed "Pinky" while incarcerated in Poston with her father—had met Mitch Ochiai at the camp swimming hole, where she asked him to teach her to swim. They become a couple and continue to see each other when she resettles in Chicago while he attends the Military Intelligence Service Language School in Minnesota. But her father's illness—and eventual death—forces her to return to Poston, while Mitch heads off to war, and they lose touch. Sachiko ends up marrying Joe Noda, her block manager, and settling in Los Angeles. Though Sachiko is divorced and Mitch has never married, a rekindling of the romance in Hawai'i is not to be.

The Man with the Bulging Pockets (short story)

Short Stories
Grades 9-12, Adult
Fiction
Fulfillment, Greed as downfall, Optimism – power or folly, Wisdom of experience
Widely available

Short story by Toshio Mori centering on an old man at Tanforan who becomes enormously popular with children by passing out a seemingly limitless supply of candy to them on his daily walks around the camp. His actions and popularity inspire jealousy in another old man, who also begins passing out candy, while spreading bad stories about the first old man. The story originally appeared in the 1944 holiday edition of The Pacific Citizen and was republished in Mori's 1979 short story collection The Chauvinist and Other Stories and in slightly different from, as a part of his 1978 novel Woman from Hiroshima .

Manzanar (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary
Power of the past, Quest for discovery, Growing up – pain or pleasure
Limited availability

Experimental documentary film by Bob Nakamura made in 1971 that was one of the first films to explore the legacy of the wartime incarceration of Japanese Americans.

Manzanar Daze and Cold Nights (book)

Books
Grades 7-8, Grades 9-12, Adult
Memoir
Desire to escape, Importance of community, Reunion
Available

Posthumously published memoir by a Nisei man about his years at Manzanar during World War II.

Manzanar Fishing Club (film)

Films and Video
Grades 6-8, Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary
Desire to escape
Available

Feature length documentary film on Manzanar inmates who temporarily escaped from the confines of the camp to fish in the nearby streams and mountains. In addition to interviews with former inmate fishermen (and women) and archival images, The Manzanar Fishing Club also tells its story using animation and recreated scenes with actors. The film had a limited theatrical release in April 2012 and was released on DVD on October 30, 2012. It was funded in part by grants from the California Civil Liberties Public Education Program and the Japanese American Confinement Sites Grant program .

Manzanar National Historic Site Educator Resources Kit (curricula)

Curricula
Grades 3-5, Grades 7-8, Grades 9-12, Adult
Displacement, Evils of racism, Self-awareness, War
Available

"How does identity shape my experience in America?" is the central question which serves to unify the wide range of materials in this resource kit. The kit includes printed materials (lesson plans, reproductions of primary sources, official park brochure, booklet for self-guided tours, Densho brochure), and digital resources (video documentary, electronic field trip, biographical sketches of former inmates, related standards, lesson plans, and historical photos). The Manzanar National Historic Site Educator Resources Kit was supported by a grant from the California Civil Liberties Public Education Program and the Manzanar History Association.

Manzanar Rites (book)

Books
Grades 9-12, Adult
Fiction, History
Coming of age, Evils of racism, Rights - individual or societal, Vulnerability of the strong
Limited availability

Coming of age novel by William Hohri about two teenage boys from West Los Angeles who end up at Manzanar with their families.

Manzanar, Diverted: When Water Becomes Dust (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Capitalism – effect on the individual, Displacement, Man against nature
Available

Documentary film on Manzanar that focuses on the region's relationship with water and with the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, which owns much of the land and water rights in the area. The film also juxtaposes the forced removal of Japanese Americans to Manzanar with the forced removal of Native Americans from the Manzanar area in the 19th Century. The film also looks at the contemporary water related issues that saw Japanese Americans, Native Americans, and local white environmentalists come together. Much of the Japanese American perspective comes from Sue Kunitomi Embrey , the co-founder of the Manzanar Committee , and her family.

Manzanar: Never Again (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary
Importance of community, Injustice, Power of the past
Widely available

Short film shot at a Manzanar Pilgrimage . Attendees—including former inmates and their descendants—talk about Manzanar , the aftermath of camp, and the evolution of the pilgrimages and the Manzanar National Historic Site as we see scenes of the pilgrimage and the preparations for it. The role of activist Sue Kunitomi Embrey is highlighted in reminiscences of those who knew her; her own words are read by an actress.

Manzanar: Photographs by Ansel Adams of Loyal Japanese-American Relocation Center (exhibition)

Museum Exhibitions
Grades 3-5, Grades 6-8, Grades 9-12, Adult
Art
Displacement, Injustice, Character - destruction, building up
Available

Landmark exhibition of Ansel Adams ' photographs of Manzanar at New York's Museum of Modern Art. Opening on November 9, 1944, Manzanar was not only the sole major museum exhibition documenting the Japanese American incarceration to be displayed while incarceration was still ongoing, but arguably the only such exhibition to appear for the next twenty-five years.

Mary Osaka, I Love You (short story)

Short Stories
Grades 9-12, Adult
Adult
Everlasting love, Immigrant experience, Nationalism – complications
Widely available

Short story by acclaimed writer John Fante about the love between a Filipino American immigrant man and a Nisei woman that takes place in Los Angeles as World War II breaks out. A part of Fante's intended novel on Filipino Americans, it was first published in Good Housekeeping magazine in October 1942.

Masao and the Bronze Nightingale (short story)

Short Stories
Grades 9-12, Adult
Expression through art, Lost love, Working class struggles
Widely available

Short story by Rubén "Funkahuatl" Guevara about a Nisei zoot suiter and saxophone player in East Los Angeles before and after World War II. Masao Matsui and his buddies Lil' Joe Casillas and Isamu Imoto grow up in Boyle Heights playing jazz and dressing in elaborate zoot suits prior to the war. Masao dreams of leading a band one day. His dreams are interrupted by World War II and his forced incarceration at Manzanar. He passes time playing jazz records and plays in the Jive Bombers in camp. After the war, he returns to Little Tokyo and works as a janitor, while soaking up the local jazz scene that sprang up there as part of "Bronzeville," the African American settlement that formed during the war. Then, one night at a club, he meets a dazzling singer who called herself the Bronze Nightingale, and his life is turned upside down.

Masters of Modern Design: The Art of the Japanese American Experience (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary
Expression through art, Nature as beauty, Role of women
Available

Masters of Modern Design profiles five Japanese American artists who made their mark on the postwar art world: Ruth Asawa , S. Neil Fujita , George Nakashima , Isamu Noguchi , and Gyo Obata. Using archival footage and stills along with interviews with the artists and their children, the film looks at their lives, the impact of their wartime incarceration, and their impact as artists in various media, focusing on the 1950s and 1960s. David Iwataki composed the period jazz soundtrack.

Matsumi Kanemitsu: A Japanese American Artist (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary
Expression through art
Limited availability

Short profile of artist Matsumi "Mike" Kanemitsu that includes his own thoughts about his techniques and goals as an artist. Narrator Amy Hill provides a brief outline of his life and work accompanied by many photographs and the music of Miles Davis. His World War II experience as a Kibei in the U.S. Army is largely passed over to focus on his postwar art career.

Maybe (short story)

Short Stories
Grades 9-12, Adult
Fiction
Capitalism – effect on the individual, Necessity of work, Will to survive, Working class struggles
Widely available

Short story by Wakako Yamauchi about a middle-aged Japanese American woman working in a sweatshop with a group of undocumented immigrant workers from Latin America. Divorced after twenty-five years of marriage, Florence wanders into a garment factory with a help wanted sign and is hired on the spot and given a relatively responsible position despite her lack of qualifications due to what she thinks is the owners' stereotype about "Japanese." In her first person voice, she introduces various workers as well as the owner's much younger Colombian immigrant wife who takes an immediate disliking to her. She befriends a young couple who were forced to leave their young son back in Mexico and are unable to bring him to the U.S.; the husband semi-jokingly asks Florence to marry him so that he can get a green card. At the end of the story she recalls her and her family's confinement …

Medal of Honor (film)

Films and Video
Grades 6-8, Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary
Heroism - real and perceived
Widely available

Short video on the twenty-one Japanese American recipients of the Congressional Medal of Honor , produced by the Go For Broke National Education Center and that features footage from June 21, 2000 ceremony at which twenty of the medals were awarded.

Meeting at Tule Lake (film)

Films and Video
Grades 9-12, Adult
Documentary
Power of the past, Evils of racism, Injustice
Limited availability

Documentary film produced and directed by Scott T. Tsuchitani that features interviews with seven former Tule Lake inmates talking about life in the camp, the "loyalty questionnaire" and segregation, and the importance of remembering, intercut with footage of poet Hiroshi Kashiwagi reading the title poem and of a Tule Lake Pilgrimage. Meeting at Tule Lake was produced by the Tule Lake Committee for the 1994 Tule Lake Pilgrimage.

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