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"description": "Overview work on the Japanese American World War II incarceration aimed at middle and high school audiences.",
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"title": "The Internment of Japanese Americans during World War II (book)",
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"body": "<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n <div class=\"rgonly\">\n <!--\"rgdatabox-CoreDisplay\" removed-->\n <div id=\"rgdatabox-Core\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n RGMediaType:books;\nTitle:The Internment of Japanese Americans during World War II;\nCreators:John C. Davenport;\nInterestLevel:Grades 7-8; Grades 9-12;\nReadingLevel:Grades 7-8;\nGuidedReadingLevel:;\nLexile:;\nTheme:Displacement; Evils of racism; Hazards of passing judgment; Injustice; Patriotism – positive side or complications;\nGenre:Young adult;\nPoV:Third person overview;\nRelatedEvents:;\nAvailability:Widely available;\nFreeWebVersion:No;\nPrimarySecondary:;\nHasTeachingAids:No;\nWarnings:;\nDenshoTopic:;\nGeography:;\nChronology:1880s to 2000s; mostly 1940s;\nFacility:Multiple;\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <div id=\"databox-Books\" style=\"display:none;\">\n <p>\n Title:The Internment of Japanese Americans during World War II;\nAuthor:John C. Davenport;\nIllustrator:;\nOrigTitle:;\nCountry:;\nLanguage:;\nSeries:Milestones of American History;\nGenre:;\nPublisher:Chelsea House;\nPubDate:2010;\nCurrentPublisher:;\nCurrentPubDate:;\nMediaType:;\nPages:122;\nAwards:;\nISBN:;\nWorldCatLink:\n <a class=\"external free offsite\" href=\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/internment-of-japanese-americans-during-world-war-ii-detention-of-american-citizens/oclc/401143230\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n https://www.worldcat.org/title/internment-of-japanese-americans-during-world-war-ii-detention-of-american-citizens/oclc/401143230\n </a>\n ;\n </p>\n </div>\n <p>\n Overview work on the Japanese American World War II incarceration aimed at middle and high school audiences.\n </p>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Synopsis\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Synopsis\">\n Synopsis\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n <i>\n The Internment of Japanese Americans during World War II\n </i>\n tells its story in nine chapters. After an opening chapter that covers the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/December_7,_1941\" title=\"December 7, 1941\">\n attack on Pearl Harbor\n </a>\n , the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation\" title=\"Federal Bureau of Investigation\">\n roundup of enemy aliens\n </a>\n , and the rising tide of anti-Japanese sentiment, chapter two steps back to examine Japanese immigration and the anti-Japanese movement. Chapters on the run up to\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Executive_Order_9066\" title=\"Executive Order 9066\">\n Executive Order 9066\n </a>\n and the beginning of forced removal follow. Chapter 5 includes profiles of the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Manzanar\" title=\"Manzanar\">\n Manzanar\n </a>\n ,\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Topaz\" title=\"Topaz\">\n Topaz\n </a>\n and\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Tule_Lake\" title=\"Tule Lake\">\n Tule Lake\n </a>\n camps, while chapter six examines the Japanese American Supreme Court cases and\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Resettlement\" title=\"Resettlement\">\n resettlement\n </a>\n . Chapters seven and eight look at\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Japanese_Americans_in_military_during_World_War_II\" title=\"Japanese Americans in military during World War II\">\n military service\n </a>\n and\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Draft_resistance\" title=\"Draft resistance\">\n draft resistance\n </a>\n . The final chapter explores postwar redress and the continuing significance of this story particularly after the 9/11 terrorist attacks.\n </p>\n <p>\n Based entirely on secondary sources, the most cited works are\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Peter_Irons\" title=\"Peter Irons\">\n Peter Irons'\n </a>\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/justiceatwar00iron\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n <i>\n Justice at War: The Story of the Japanese American Internment Cases\n </i>\n .\n </a>\n (New York: Oxford University Press, 1983; Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993); Roger Daniels'\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/prisonerswithout00unse\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n <i>\n Prisoners Without Trial: Japanese Americans in World War II\n </i>\n </a>\n (New York: Hill and Wang, 1993); Greg Robinson's\n <i>\n By Order of the President: FDR and the Internment of Japanese Americans\n </i>\n (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001); and the anthology\n <a class=\"external text offsite\" href=\"https://archive.org/details/onlywhatwecouldc00inad\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n <i>\n Only What We Could Carry: The Japanese American Internment Experience\n </i>\n </a>\n edited by\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Lawson_Fusao_Inada\" title=\"Lawson Fusao Inada\">\n Lawson Fusao Inada\n </a>\n (Berkeley, Calif.: Heyday Books, 2000).\n </p>\n <p>\n The book includes an illustrated chronology and a list of additional resources. Historical photographs are incorporated into the text.\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"section\" id=\"Additional_Information\">\n <h2>\n <span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Additional_Information\">\n Additional Information\n </span>\n </h2>\n <div class=\"section_content\">\n <p>\n Author John Davenport (1960– ) is a middle school history teacher in California who holds a Ph.D. from the University of Connecticut. He has authored numerous books on U.S. and world history as well as biographies for young audiences.\n </p>\n <p>\n While incorporating relatively current research and being more detailed than most similar books,\n <i>\n The Internment of Japanese Americans during World War II\n </i>\n is marred by many errors, most of them minor. These include: reference to the \"\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_Agreement\" title=\"Gentlemen's Agreement\">\n Gentlemen's Agreement\n </a>\n of 1906\" (page 13; the agreement consisted of correspondence taking place in 1907–08); misspelling the name of\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Issei\" title=\"Issei\">\n Issei\n </a>\n naturalization law challenger Takao Ozawa as \"Takeo\" (15); over counting the number Japanese Americans from Hawai'i who were interned, citing 1,037 sent to\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/War_Relocation_Authority\" title=\"War Relocation Authority\">\n War Relocation Authority\n </a>\n camps, 675 in Justice Department internment camps and 1,500 \"interned locally at Sand Island near Honolulu\" (36; in addition to the last figure being too large, the vast majority of those held in\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Sand_Island_(detention_facility)\" title=\"Sand Island (detention facility)\">\n Sand Island\n </a>\n and the other camps in Hawaii were later sent to camps on the mainland and are thus included in the first two figures); attributing the internment of German and Italian aliens to Executive Order 9066 (37; as with Issei arrested after the attack on Pearl Harbor, this internment was authorized by the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Alien_Enemies_Act_of_1798\" title=\"Alien Enemies Act of 1798\">\n Alien Enemies Act of 1798\n </a>\n ); claiming Gen.\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/John_DeWitt\" title=\"John DeWitt\">\n John DeWitt\n </a>\n was appointed to head the Army and Navy Staff College \"[a]fter the Japanese surrender in 1945\" (39; he was assigned to this position in 1943 after being removed as head of the Western Defense Command); claiming there were thirteen assembly centers (44; there were fifteen in addition to two \"reception centers\"); claiming that \"more than 2,000\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Japanese_Latin_Americans\" title=\"Japanese Latin Americans\">\n Latin American Japanese\n </a>\n \" were held in WRA camps (46; nearly all were held in Justice Department administered camps); claiming that one of those killed in the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Manzanar_riot/uprising\" title=\"Manzanar riot/uprising\">\n Manzanar riot/uprising\n </a>\n \"was a 17-year-old girl\" (49; both inmates who were shot by guards were young men); citing\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Gila_River\" title=\"Gila River\">\n Gila River\n </a>\n as having been managed by the Office of Indian Affairs (55; though both Gila and\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Poston_(Colorado_River)\" title=\"Poston (Colorado River)\">\n Poston\n </a>\n were on Indian land, only Poston was managed by the OIA).\n </p>\n <p>\n Other errors: quoting from Justice Frank Murphy's \"dissent\" in the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Hirabayashi_v._United_States\" title=\"Hirabayashi v. United States\">\n <i>\n Hirabayashi\n </i>\n Supreme Court case\n </a>\n (63; the quote comes from the draft of a dissent; Murphy later had a change of heart and concurred with his colleagues in what became a unanimous decision); claiming that all four of the Japanese American cases \"reached the Supreme Court in 1943\" (63; the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Ex_parte_Mitsuye_Endo_(1944)\" title=\"Ex parte Mitsuye Endo (1944)\">\n Mitsuye Endo\n </a>\n case did not reach the court until 1944); claiming that the \"\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/100th_Infantry_Battalion\" title=\"100th Infantry Battalion\">\n 100th Battalion\n </a>\n had been shipped overseas by the time that the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/442nd_Regimental_Combat_Team\" title=\"442nd Regimental Combat Team\">\n 442nd Regimental Combat Team\n </a>\n came into existence\" (79; the 100th went overseas in the fall of 1943, while the 442nd formed in March 1943; three pages earlier it is implied that the 100th went overseas in the fall of 1942); claiming that the seven leaders of the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Heart_Mountain_Fair_Play_Committee\" title=\"Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee\">\n Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee\n </a>\n all \"received terms of four years behind bars\" (85; some received two-year terms); claiming that President Harry Truman addressed the 442nd and made his famous statement about fighting prejudice in 1948 (96; the ceremony was in 1946); and claiming the\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Japanese_American_Evacuation_Claims_Act\" title=\"Japanese American Evacuation Claims Act\">\n Evacuation Claims Act\n </a>\n allocated $38 for settling property claims (96; $38 was the amount eventually paid out in claims, not the amount allocated).\n </p>\n <div id=\"authorByline\">\n <b>\n Authored by\n <a class=\"encyc notrg\" href=\"https://encyclopedia.densho.org/wiki/Brian_Niiya\" title=\"Brian Niiya\">\n Brian Niiya\n </a>\n , Densho\n </b>\n </div>\n <div id=\"citationAuthor\" style=\"display:none;\">\n Niiya, Brian\n </div>\n <p>\n Might also like\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/wiki/A Fence Away From Freedom: Japanese-Americans and World War II (book)/\" title=\"A Fence Away From Freedom: Japanese-Americans and World War II (book)\">\n A Fence Away from Freedom: Japanese Americans and World War II\n </a>\n </i>\n by Ellen Levine;\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/wiki/Fred Korematsu: All American Hero (book)/\" title=\"Fred Korematsu: All American Hero (book)\">\n Fred Korematsu: All American Hero\n </a>\n </i>\n by Anupam Chander and Madhavi Sunder;\n <i>\n <a class=\"encyc rg\" href=\"/wiki/Looking Like the Enemy: My Story of Imprisonment in Japanese-American Internment Camps (book)/\" title=\"Looking Like the Enemy: My Story of Imprisonment in Japanese-American Internment Camps (book)\">\n Looking Like the Enemy: My Story of Imprisonment in Japanese-American Internment Camps: Young Reader's Edition\n </a>\n </i>\n by Mary Matsuda Gruenewald\n </p>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n",
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